Which of the following is NOT a distraction that can lead to aviation accidents?

The correct choice is that taking personal calls is not traditionally regarded as a distraction leading to aviation accidents within the context of the specific aviation scenarios considered in the question.

In aviation, distractions that significantly impact safety typically include factors that are directly related to flight operations and the aircraft's performance. For example, NVG descents over low contrast surfaces can pose a visual challenge that may lead to spatial disorientation. Controlled maneuvers during formation flight require a high level of concentration and coordination among crew members, where any lapse in focus can lead to dangerous situations. Equipment malfunctions can also create urgent situations that demand immediate attention and can detract from overall situational awareness.

While personal calls may divert attention, they are often considered less relevant in the context of aviation risks directly associated with operational tasks and in-flight dynamics. The specific operational environment and the tasks being performed typically have a more significant impact on crew attention and potential distractions related to safety outcomes.